Here are key facts about photosynthesis as subject-predicate-object triples:

**Basic Definition**
- Photosynthesis, is, a biological process
- Photosynthesis, converts, light energy into chemical energy
- Plants, perform, photosynthesis
- Algae, perform, photosynthesis
- Cyanobacteria, perform, photosynthesis

**Location**
- Photosynthesis, occurs in, chloroplasts
- Chloroplasts, contain, chlorophyll
- Chlorophyll, absorbs, light energy
- Thylakoids, are, membrane structures in chloroplasts
- Grana, are, stacks of thylakoids
- Stroma, is, fluid inside chloroplasts

**Overall Chemical Equation**
- Photosynthesis, requires, carbon dioxide
- Photosynthesis, requires, water
- Photosynthesis, requires, light energy
- Photosynthesis, produces, glucose
- Photosynthesis, produces, oxygen
- Six CO2 molecules, combine with, six H2O molecules
- The reaction, yields, one glucose molecule (C6H12O6)
- The reaction, yields, six O2 molecules

**Two Main Stages**
- Photosynthesis, consists of, light-dependent reactions
- Photosynthesis, consists of, light-independent reactions
- Light-dependent reactions, occur in, thylakoid membranes
- Light-independent reactions, occur in, stroma
- Calvin cycle, is another name for, light-independent reactions

**Light-Dependent Reactions**
- Light-dependent reactions, require, sunlight
- Photosystem II, absorbs, light energy
- Photosystem II, splits, water molecules
- Water splitting, produces, oxygen
- Water splitting, releases, electrons
- Water splitting, releases, protons
- Electrons, travel through, electron transport chain
- Electron transport chain, generates, proton gradient
- Photosystem I, absorbs, light energy
- Photosystem I, energizes, electrons
- NADP+, accepts, electrons
- NADP+, becomes, NADPH
- ATP synthase, produces, ATP
- ATP synthase, uses, proton gradient

**Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions)**
- Calvin cycle, uses, ATP
- Calvin cycle, uses, NADPH
- Calvin cycle, fixes, carbon dioxide
- RuBisCO, is, the key enzyme
- RuBisCO, catalyzes, carbon fixation
- Carbon dioxide, combines with, RuBP (ribulose bisphosphate)
- The reaction, produces, 3-phosphoglycerate
- 3-phosphoglycerate, is converted to, G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
- Some G3P, forms, glucose
- Some G3P, regenerates, RuBP

**Products and Their Uses**
- Glucose, provides, energy for organisms
- Glucose, forms, starch for storage
- Glucose, forms, cellulose for structure
- Oxygen, is released into, atmosphere
- Oxygen, supports, aerobic respiration

**Environmental Factors**
- Light intensity, affects, photosynthesis rate
- Carbon dioxide concentration, affects, photosynthesis rate
- Temperature, affects, photosynthesis rate
- Water availability, affects, photosynthesis rate

**Types of Photosynthesis**
- C3 plants, use, standard Calvin cycle
- C4 plants, have, modified carbon fixation
- CAM plants, open stomata at, night
- C4 photosynthesis, reduces, photorespiration
- CAM photosynthesis, conserves, water

**Wavelengths**
- Chlorophyll a, absorbs, red light
- Chlorophyll a, absorbs, blue light
- Chlorophyll b, absorbs, blue light
- Chlorophyll b, absorbs, orange light
- Carotenoids, absorb, blue-green light
- Green light, is, mostly reflected

**Evolution and Importance**
- Photosynthesis, evolved, billions of years ago
- Photosynthesis, produces, Earth's oxygen
- Photosynthesis, forms, base of food chains
- Photosynthesis, removes, atmospheric CO2
- Photosynthesis, provides, fossil fuels (indirectly)
